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- THE WORLD FACTBOOK
- Monaco
- Geography
-
-
- Location:
- Western Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, on the southern coast of
- France, near the border with Italy
- Map references:
- Europe
- Area:
- total area:
- 1.9 sq km
- land area:
- 1.9 sq km
- comparative area:
- about three times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
- Land boundaries:
- total 4.4 km, France 4.4 km
- Coastline:
- 4.1 km
- Maritime claims:
- territorial sea:
- 12 nm
- International disputes:
- none
- Climate:
- Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers
- Terrain:
- hilly, rugged, rocky
- Natural resources:
- none
- Land use:
- arable land:
- 0%
- permanent crops:
- 0%
- meadows and pastures:
- 0%
- forest and woodland:
- 0%
- other:
- 100%
- Irrigated land:
- NA sq km
- Environment:
- current issues:
- NA
- natural hazards:
- NA
- international agreements:
- party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous
- Wastes, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling;
- signed, but not ratified - Law of the Sea
- Note:
- second smallest independent state in world (after Holy See); almost entirely
- urban
- THE WORLD FACTBOOK
- Monaco
- People
-
-
- Population:
- 31,515 (July 1995 est.)
- Age structure:
- 0-14 years:
- 17% (female 2,691; male 2,740)
- 15-64 years:
- 63% (female 10,233; male 9,645)
- 65 years and over:
- 20% (female 3,939; male 2,267) (July 1995 est.)
- Population growth rate:
- 0.7% (1995 est.)
- Birth rate:
- 10.66 births/1,000 population (1995 est.)
- Death rate:
- 12.12 deaths/1,000 population (1995 est.)
- Net migration rate:
- 8.44 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1995 est.)
- Infant mortality rate:
- 7 deaths/1,000 live births (1995 est.)
- Life expectancy at birth:
- total population:
- 77.9 years
- male:
- 74.18 years
- female:
- 81.8 years (1995 est.)
- Total fertility rate:
- 1.7 children born/woman (1995 est.)
- Nationality:
- noun:
- Monacan(s) or Monegasque(s)
- adjective:
- Monacan or Monegasque
- Ethnic divisions:
- French 47%, Monegasque 16%, Italian 16%, other 21%
- Religions:
- Roman Catholic 95%
- Languages:
- French (official), English, Italian, Monegasque
- Literacy:
- NA%
- Labor force:
- NA
- THE WORLD FACTBOOK
- Monaco
- Government
-
-
- Names:
- conventional long form:
- Principality of Monaco
- conventional short form:
- Monaco
- local long form:
- Principaute de Monaco
- local short form:
- Monaco
- Digraph:
- MN
- Type:
- constitutional monarchy
- Capital:
- Monaco
- Administrative divisions:
- 4 quarters (quartiers, singular - quartier); Fontvieille, La Condamine,
- Monaco-Ville, Monte-Carlo
- Independence:
- 1419 (rule by the House of Grimaldi)
- National holiday:
- National Day, 19 November
- Constitution:
- 17 December 1962
- Legal system:
- based on French law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
- Suffrage:
- 25 years of age; universal
- Executive branch:
- chief of state:
- Prince RAINIER III (since NA November 1949); Heir Apparent Prince ALBERT
- Alexandre Louis Pierre (born 14 March 1958)
- head of government:
- Minister of State Paul DIJOUD (since NA)
- cabinet:
- Council of Government; under the authority of the Prince
- Legislative branch:
- unicameral
- National Council (Conseil National):
- elections last held 24 and 31 January 1993 (next to be held NA); results -
- percent of vote by party NA; seats - (18 total) Campora List 15, Medecin
- List 2, independent 1
- Judicial branch:
- Supreme Tribunal (Tribunal Supreme)
- Political parties and leaders:
- National and Democratic Union (UND); Campora List, Anne-Marie CAMPORA;
- Medecin List, Jean-Louis MEDECIN
- Member of:
- ACCT, ECE, IAEA, ICAO, ICRM, IFRCS, IMO, INMARSAT, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC,
- ITU, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO
- Diplomatic representation in US:
- honorary consulate(s) general:
- Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, New Orleans, New York, San Francisco, San Juan
- (Puerto Rico)
- honorary consulate(s):
- Dallas, Palm Beach, Philadelphia, and Washington, DC
- US diplomatic representation:
- no mission in Monaco, but the US Consul General in Marseille, France, is
- accredited to Monaco
- THE WORLD FACTBOOK
- Monaco
- Government
- Flag:
- two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; similar to the flag of
- Indonesia which is longer and the flag of Poland which is white (top) and
- red
- THE WORLD FACTBOOK
- Monaco
- Economy
-
-
- Overview:
- Monaco, situated on the French Mediterranean coast, is a popular resort,
- attracting tourists to its casino and pleasant climate. The Principality has
- successfully sought to diversify into services and small, high-value-added,
- nonpolluting industries. The state has no income tax and low business taxes
- and thrives as a tax haven both for individuals who have established
- residence and for foreign companies that have set up businesses and offices.
- About 50% of Monaco's annual revenue comes from value-added taxes on hotels,
- banks, and the industrial sector; about 25% of revenue comes from tourism.
- Living standards are high, that is, roughly comparable to those in
- prosperous French metropolitan suburbs.
- National product:
- GDP - purchasing power parity - $558 million (1993 est.)
- National product real growth rate:
- NA%
- National product per capita:
- $18,000 (1993 est.)
- Inflation rate (consumer prices):
- NA%
- Unemployment rate:
- NEGL%
- Budget:
- revenues:
- $424 million
- expenditures:
- $376 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1991 est.)
- Exports:
- $NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates
- Monacan trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs
- union with France
- Imports:
- $NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates
- Monacan trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs
- union with France
- External debt:
- $NA
- Industrial production:
- growth rate NA%
- Electricity:
- capacity:
- 10,000 kW standby; power imported from France
- production:
- NA kWh
- consumption per capita:
- NA kWh (1993)
- Agriculture:
- none
- Economic aid:
- $NA
- Currency:
- 1 French franc (F) = 100 centimes
- Exchange rates:
- French francs (F) per US$1 - 5.9243 (January 1995), 5.520 (1994), 5.6632
- (1993), 5.2938 (1992), 5.6421 (1991), 5.4453 (1990)
- Fiscal year:
- calendar year
- THE WORLD FACTBOOK
- Monaco
- Transportation
-
-
- Railroads:
- total:
- 1.7 km
- standard gauge:
- 1.7 km 1.435-m gauge
- Highways:
- none; city streets
- Ports:
- Monaco
- Merchant marine:
- none
- Airports:
- linked to airport in Nice, France, by helicopter service
- THE WORLD FACTBOOK
- Monaco
- Communications
-
-
- Telephone system:
- 38,200 telephones; automatic telephone system
- local:
- NA
- intercity:
- NA
- international:
- no satellite links; served by cable into the French communications system
- Radio:
- broadcast stations:
- AM 3, FM 4, shortwave 0
- radios:
- NA
- Television:
- broadcast stations:
- 5
- televisions:
- NA
- THE WORLD FACTBOOK
- Monaco
- Defense Forces
-
-
- Note:
- defense is the responsibility of France
-